(ESCOLA NAVAL) - QUESTÃO

Which is lhe correct option to complete lhe paragraph below? 

The power of a thank-you note

Thank-you notes might seem old-fashioned _________ there's plenty of value to be found in the tradition. _______ a study by Accountemps, just 24% of job applicants send thank-you notes after interviews -_________ 80% of hiring managers who receive them say they are useful in evaluating the potential of applicants. Proponents of thank-you notes say they are an inexpensive way to strengthen a relationship ________ show the applicant cares about the job. 

 Adapted from https://www.linkedin.com.

a) but / According to/ but / and

b) and / Because of / because / but

c) so / According to/ so / because

d) so / ln addition to/ but / because

e) but / Beca use of / because / and

(ITA 2019) - QUESTÃO

As questão refere-se ao texto destacado:

About seven years ago, three researchers at the University of Toronto built a system that could analyze thousands of photos and teach itself to recognize everyday objects, like dogs, cars and flowers.

The system was so effective that Google bought the tiny start-up these researchers were only just getting off the ground. And soon, their system sparked a technological revolution. Suddenly, machines could “see” in a way that was not possible in the past.

This made it easier for a smartphone app to search your personal photos and find the images you were looking for. It accelerated the progress of driverless cars and other robotics. And it improved the accuracy of facial recognition services, for social networks like Facebook and for the country’s law enforcement agencies. But soon, researchers noticed that these facial recognition services were less accurate when used with women and people of color. Activists raised concerns over how companies were collecting the huge amounts of data needed to train these kinds of systems. Others worried these systems would eventually lead to mass surveillance or autonomous weapons.

Fonte: Matz, Cade. Seeking Ground Rules for A. 1. www.nytimes.com, 01 03 2019. Adaptado. Acessado em Agosto/2019.)

Analise as afirmações de I a IV em destaque.
I. Ativistas manifestaram preocupação em relação à forma como as empresas estavam coletando enormes quantidades de dados para treinar sistemas de reconhecimento.
II. A Universidade de Toronto construiu um sistema ético de Inteligência Artificial para reconhe cimento de imagens.
III. Uma das preocupações de ativistas era a possibilidade de tais sistemas conduzirem a vigilância em massa ou armamento autônomo.
IV. Empresas privadas de tecnologia, como Google, e redes digitais, como Facebook, junto com algumas agências governamentais, chegaram a um consenso quanto a uma ética da Inteligência Artificial.
V. Algumas leis foram desenvolvidas por alguns grupos específicos de pessoas para decidir sobre o futuro da Inteligência Artificial.

De acordo com o texto, estão corretas apenas:
a) I e II.
b) II, III e V.
c) I e III.
d) II, IV e V.
e) I, III e IV.

(ITA - 2019) QUESTÃO

As questão refere-se ao texto destacado:

About seven years ago, three researchers at the University of Toronto built a system that could analyze thousands of photos and teach itself to recognize everyday objects, like dogs, cars and flowers.

The system was so effective that Google bought the tiny start-up these researchers were only just getting off the ground. And soon, their system sparked a technological revolution. Suddenly, machines could “see” in a way that was not possible in the past.

This made it easier for a smartphone app to search your personal photos and find the images you were looking for. It accelerated the progress of driverless cars and other robotics. And it improved the accuracy of facial recognition services, for social networks like Facebook and for the country’s law enforcement agencies. But soon, researchers noticed that these facial recognition services were less accurate when used with women and people of color. Activists raised concerns over how companies were collecting the huge amounts of data needed to train these kinds of systems. Others worried these systems would eventually lead to mass surveillance or autonomous weapons.

Fonte: Matz, Cade. Seeking Ground Rules for A. 1. www.nytimes.com, 01 03 2019. Adaptado. Acessado em Agosto/2019.)

De acordo com as informações do texto, selecione a alternativa que melhor complete a afirmação: The new system proved to be less precise when 

a) applied to driverless cars. 

b) adjusted to users’ face recognition in social networks. 

c) identifying inanimate objects like cars and plants. 

d) used to identify Africans and African descendants. 

e) tested by American law enforcement agencies.

(ITA - 2019) QUESTÃO

No trecho: “it’s not just” democracy that is at risk, but also the economy”, a expressão sublinhada expressa uma ideia de 

a) oposição. 

b) concessão. 

c) concordância. 

d) adição. 

e) contraste.

(ITA - 2019) QUESTÃO

As questão refere-se ao texto destacado a seguir.

       If there is any doubt about the persistent power of literature in the face of digital culture, it should be banished by the recent climb of George Orwell’s 1984 up the Amazon “Movers and Shakers” list. There is much that’s resonant for us in Orwell’s dystopia in the face of Edward Snowden’s revelations about the NSA [...]. We look to 1984 as a clear cautionary tale, even a prophecy, of systematic abuse of power taken to the end of the line. [...]

      However, after “THE END” of his dystopian novel 1984, George Orwell includes another chapter, an appendix, called “The Principles of Newspeak.” Since it has the trappings of a tedious scholarly treatise, readers often skip the appendix. But it changes our whole understanding of the novel. Written from some unspecified point in the future, it suggests that Big Brother was eventually defeated. The victory is attributed not to individual rebels or to The Brotherhood, an anonymous resistance group, but rather to language itself. The appendix details Oceania’s attempt to replace Oldspeak, or English, with Newspeak, a linguistic shorthand that reduces the world of ideas to a set of simple, stark words. “The whole aim of Newspeak is to narrow the range of thought.” It will render dissent “literally impossible, because there will be no words in which to express it.”

Fonte: Frost, Laura. http://qz.com/95696. Adaptado. Acesso em agosto de 2019.

De acordo com o texto, é incorreto afirmar que

a) na obra 1984, Orwell retrata um mundo distópico que ainda possui relevância nos tempos atuais. 

b) a obra 1984 é considerada como um alerta para o uso abusivo do poder levado às últimas consequências. 

c) no apêndice, há o relato da tentativa de substituição da Oldspeak por uma língua mais abreviada (simplificada). 

d) o vocabulário da Newspeak é tão complexo que se torna difícil usá-lo para expressar discordância. 

e) Newspeak é uma língua que impossibilita externalizar um pensamento mais complexo.

(ITA - 2019) QUESTÃO

As questão refere-se ao texto destacado a seguir.

       If there is any doubt about the persistent power of literature in the face of digital culture, it should be banished by the recent climb of George Orwell’s 1984 up the Amazon “Movers and Shakers” list. There is much that’s resonant for us in Orwell’s dystopia in the face of Edward Snowden’s revelations about the NSA [...]. We look to 1984 as a clear cautionary tale, even a prophecy, of systematic abuse of power taken to the end of the line. [...]

      However, after “THE END” of his dystopian novel 1984, George Orwell includes another chapter, an appendix, called “The Principles of Newspeak.” Since it has the trappings of a tedious scholarly treatise, readers often skip the appendix. But it changes our whole understanding of the novel. Written from some unspecified point in the future, it suggests that Big Brother was eventually defeated. The victory is attributed not to individual rebels or to The Brotherhood, an anonymous resistance group, but rather to language itself. The appendix details Oceania’s attempt to replace Oldspeak, or English, with Newspeak, a linguistic shorthand that reduces the world of ideas to a set of simple, stark words. “The whole aim of Newspeak is to narrow the range of thought.” It will render dissent “literally impossible, because there will be no words in which to express it.”

Fonte: Frost, Laura. http://qz.com/95696. Adaptado. Acesso em agosto de 2019.

No trecho “but rather, to language itself”, o termo rather pode ser substituído, sem alteração de sentido, por 

a) to some extent. 

b) on behalf of. 

c) instead of. 

d) in support of. 

e) more exactly.

(ITA 2019) - QUESTÃO

As questão refere-se ao texto destacado a seguir.

       If there is any doubt about the persistent power of literature in the face of digital culture, it should be banished by the recent climb of George Orwell’s 1984 up the Amazon “Movers and Shakers” list. There is much that’s resonant for us in Orwell’s dystopia in the face of Edward Snowden’s revelations about the NSA [...]. We look to 1984 as a clear cautionary tale, even a prophecy, of systematic abuse of power taken to the end of the line. [...]

      However, after “THE END” of his dystopian novel 1984, George Orwell includes another chapter, an appendix, called “The Principles of Newspeak.” Since it has the trappings of a tedious scholarly treatise, readers often skip the appendix. But it changes our whole understanding of the novel. Written from some unspecified point in the future, it suggests that Big Brother was eventually defeated. The victory is attributed not to individual rebels or to The Brotherhood, an anonymous resistance group, but rather to language itself. The appendix details Oceania’s attempt to replace Oldspeak, or English, with Newspeak, a linguistic shorthand that reduces the world of ideas to a set of simple, stark words. “The whole aim of Newspeak is to narrow the range of thought.” It will render dissent “literally impossible, because there will be no words in which to express it.”

Fonte: Frost, Laura. http://qz.com/95696. Adaptado. Acesso em agosto de 2019.

De acordo com o texto, em geral, os leitores do clássico 1984, de George Orwell, dispensam a leitura do apêndice da obra porque 

a) não foi escrito pelo próprio autor. 

b) acreditam se tratar de mais um longo texto acadêmico. 

c) sua leitura não altera a compreensão da obra. 

d) foi escrito após a publicação do romance. 

e) sua autoria é desconhecida.

(EsPCEx 2017) - QUESTÃO)

Woman who rescued Nigerian ‘witch-child’ beats Obama and Pope Francis to top list of world’s most inspiring people

A woman who rescued a two-year-old boy who had been cast out by his own community for being a “witch-child” has been recognised in an international list of the most inspiring people of the year. Anja Ringgren Lovén, a Danish care worker who rescued the young Nigerian boy back in February 2016, beat the likes of Pope Francis, Barack Obama and the Dalai Lama to top the list of 100 inspiring individuals compiled by German-language OOOM Magazine.

An image of Ms Lovén giving the two-year-old boy (now called Hope) some water was shared around the world, and served to highlight the work she was doing to help orphan children in Nigeria. Witch accusations is a growing problem in many African countries, especially in Nigeria, where Anja’s charity African Children’s Aid Education and Development Foundation cares for other children like Hope.

“When she saw the starving child, she acted like a human being and became an inspiration for millions,” said Georg Kindel, OOOM’s editor-in-chief, who led the jury that chose the list. Speaking today about the experience, she said: “He was the size of a little baby, my whole body froze. I was thinking of my own son when I saw the boy. For me it was clear at that moment that I would fight with all my strength for him to survive.”

Adapted from http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/worlds-most-inspiring-person-2016-ooom-anja-ringgren-lovennigeria-witch-child-a7460976.html

According to the text, read the statements and choose the correct alternative.

I – Hope’s community didn’t want him because of a superstition.

II – Ms Lovén started helping orphan children after she met Hope.

III – Anja’s foundation cares for poor parents who have many children.

IV – George Kindel was the only person who voted for Ms Lovén.

V – Ms Lovén has a child of her own and it’s a boy.

[A] I, II and IV are correct.

[B] III and V are correct.

[C] I and V are correct.

[D] I, III and IV are correct.

[E] II, III and V are correct.

(EsPCEx 2017) - QUESTÃO)

Woman who rescued Nigerian ‘witch-child’ beats Obama and Pope Francis to top list of world’s most inspiring people

A woman who rescued a two-year-old boy who had been cast out by his own community for being a “witch-child” has been recognised in an international list of the most inspiring people of the year. Anja Ringgren Lovén, a Danish care worker who rescued the young Nigerian boy back in February 2016, beat the likes of Pope Francis, Barack Obama and the Dalai Lama to top the list of 100 inspiring individuals compiled by German-language OOOM Magazine.

An image of Ms Lovén giving the two-year-old boy (now called Hope) some water was shared around the world, and served to highlight the work she was doing to help orphan children in Nigeria. Witch accusations is a growing problem in many African countries, especially in Nigeria, where Anja’s charity African Children’s Aid Education and Development Foundation cares for other children like Hope.

“When she saw the starving child, she acted like a human being and became an inspiration for millions,” said Georg Kindel, OOOM’s editor-in-chief, who led the jury that chose the list. Speaking today about the experience, she said: “He was the size of a little baby, my whole body froze. I was thinking of my own son when I saw the boy. For me it was clear at that moment that I would fight with all my strength for him to survive.”

Adapted from http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/worlds-most-inspiring-person-2016-ooom-anja-ringgren-lovennigeria-witch-child-a7460976.html

When Ms Lovén says: “... my whole body froze.” (paragraph 3), she means

[A] she was feeling cold and wanted to leave.

[B] she needed help because she could not walk.

[C] she felt unhappy and wanted to go home.

[D] she didn’t want Hope to find out she was there.

[E] she became suddenly paralysed with shock.

(EsPCEx 2017) - QUESTÃO)

Woman who rescued Nigerian ‘witch-child’ beats Obama and Pope Francis to top list of world’s most inspiring people

A woman who rescued a two-year-old boy who had been cast out by his own community for being a “witch-child” has been recognised in an international list of the most inspiring people of the year. Anja Ringgren Lovén, a Danish care worker who rescued the young Nigerian boy back in February 2016, beat the likes of Pope Francis, Barack Obama and the Dalai Lama to top the list of 100 inspiring individuals compiled by German-language OOOM Magazine.

An image of Ms Lovén giving the two-year-old boy (now called Hope) some water was shared around the world, and served to highlight the work she was doing to help orphan children in Nigeria. Witch accusations is a growing problem in many African countries, especially in Nigeria, where Anja’s charity African Children’s Aid Education and Development Foundation cares for other children like Hope.

“When she saw the starving child, she acted like a human being and became an inspiration for millions,” said Georg Kindel, OOOM’s editor-in-chief, who led the jury that chose the list. Speaking today about the experience, she said: “He was the size of a little baby, my whole body froze. I was thinking of my own son when I saw the boy. For me it was clear at that moment that I would fight with all my strength for him to survive.”

Adapted from http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/worlds-most-inspiring-person-2016-ooom-anja-ringgren-lovennigeria-witch-child-a7460976.html

Choose the best alternative that correctly substitutes the word highlight in the sentence “... served to highlight the work she was doing to help orphan children in Nigeria.” (paragraph 2).

[A] emphasize 

[B] observe 

[C] implement 

[D] diminish 

[E] console

(EsPCEx 2017) - QUESTÃO)

Military operations in megacities

A linguistic perspective

The challenge of conducting future military operations within megacities (cities with populations over ten million) lies in understanding the dynamic and multidimensional complexities of these urban areas. Military operations in megacities, whether combat-oriented or otherwise, will be similar to those in other urban environments, but will be complicated by factors unique to the megacity environment.

First and foremost, megacities are largely multilingual. While this can be said of large cities in general, the scale of multilingualism in megacities magnifies its effects. For instance, in New York City (NYC) – a metropolitan megacity of over eighteen million people – nine foreign languages are spoken by communities of one hundred thousand or larger. Language also plays a role in determining one’s identity and the language community in which one decides to live. For example, the majority of Russian speakers in NYC tend to live in south Brooklyn and Staten Island, while Chinese speakers tend to cluster in Manhattan and Sunset Park. In megacities, language, culture, and regional context go hand in hand and often reach beyond ethnic identities.

In order to fully understand the context of a megacity, we must understand the role of the languages used in its communities. How _____(1) language communities interact in megacities? What tensions ______(2) caused by multiple language communities in urban space? What role ______(3) language play in the power structures (government or otherwise) of megacities?

Adapted from Military Review – Jan/Feb 2016

According to the text, choose the correct statement.

[A] Urban environments are more complex than megacities.

[B] Nine languages are spoken in large cities.

[C] Language is of great concern to the military.

[D] Ethnic identities are limited by regional context.

[E] Military operations are just combat-oriented.

(EsPCEx 2017) - QUESTÃO)

Military operations in megacities

A linguistic perspective

The challenge of conducting future military operations within megacities (cities with populations over ten million) lies in understanding the dynamic and multidimensional complexities of these urban areas. Military operations in megacities, whether combat-oriented or otherwise, will be similar to those in other urban environments, but will be complicated by factors unique to the megacity environment.

First and foremost, megacities are largely multilingual. While this can be said of large cities in general, the scale of multilingualism in megacities magnifies its effects. For instance, in New York City (NYC) – a metropolitan megacity of over eighteen million people – nine foreign languages are spoken by communities of one hundred thousand or larger. Language also plays a role in determining one’s identity and the language community in which one decides to live. For example, the majority of Russian speakers in NYC tend to live in south Brooklyn and Staten Island, while Chinese speakers tend to cluster in Manhattan and Sunset Park. In megacities, language, culture, and regional context go hand in hand and often reach beyond ethnic identities.

In order to fully understand the context of a megacity, we must understand the role of the languages used in its communities. How _____(1) language communities interact in megacities? What tensions ______(2) caused by multiple language communities in urban space? What role ______(3) language play in the power structures (government or otherwise) of megacities?

Adapted from Military Review – Jan/Feb 2016

Choose the alternative containing the correct words to respectively complete gaps (1), (2) and (3) in paragraph 3.

[A] is, does, do

[B] do, are, do

[C] are, is, do

[D] are, do, does

[E] do, are, does

(EsPCEx 2017) - QUESTÃO)

A handwritten note from September 11

1. In moments of crisis, our first thoughts are usually to get in contact with the people we love. September 11, 2001, was a day when many people wanted to know that their loved ones were safe. At 9:37 a.m., the Pentagon was attacked by terrorists who crashed an airplane into the western side of the building.
2. Many people tried using the mobile phones that existed then, but few were successful. Franklin and Daria Gaillard (Frank and Chip) were both members of the Air Force and worked at the Pentagon. They worked in different parts of the building and had a previous agreement that they would meet at their car in the parking lot if there were any emergency.
3. Daria was the first to arrive at the car and wrote a note to Franklin saying “Frank - Sweetie I am okay. I’m w/ my office over by the Lyndon B. Johnson Memorial Sign. I’ll stay there till you come. Love lots & lots, Chip.” Frank found the note and was able to locate his wife in the aftermath of the attack.
4. What makes this story so interesting is the handwritten note. Today, in our digital culture, we have a variety of ways to let people know that we are safe. Text messages, voicemail, and different forms of social media can be used to get the information out to loved ones. In 2001, when these attacks __________(1), the cellular network was still growing and was not as robust as it is today.
5. This letter is just one of the many objects that The National Museum of American History __________(2) since 2001. To learn more, visit our online exhibition September 11th: Bearing Witness to History.

Adapted from http://americanhistory.si.edu/blog/handwritten-note-september-11-2001

Choose the alternative containing the correct verb tenses to complete gaps (1) and (2) in paragraphs 4 and 5 respectively.

[A] have happened, collected

[B] have happened, have collected

[C] has happened, has collected

[D] happened, has collected

[E] happened, have collected

(EsPCEx 2017) - QUESTÃO)

A handwritten note from September 11

1. In moments of crisis, our first thoughts are usually to get in contact with the people we love. September 11, 2001, was a day when many people wanted to know that their loved ones were safe. At 9:37 a.m., the Pentagon was attacked by terrorists who crashed an airplane into the western side of the building.
2. Many people tried using the mobile phones that existed then, but few were successful. Franklin and Daria Gaillard (Frank and Chip) were both members of the Air Force and worked at the Pentagon. They worked in different parts of the building and had a previous agreement that they would meet at their car in the parking lot if there were any emergency.
3. Daria was the first to arrive at the car and wrote a note to Franklin saying “Frank - Sweetie I am okay. I’m w/ my office over by the Lyndon B. Johnson Memorial Sign. I’ll stay there till you come. Love lots & lots, Chip.” Frank found the note and was able to locate his wife in the aftermath of the attack.
4. What makes this story so interesting is the handwritten note. Today, in our digital culture, we have a variety of ways to let people know that we are safe. Text messages, voicemail, and different forms of social media can be used to get the information out to loved ones. In 2001, when these attacks __________(1), the cellular network was still growing and was not as robust as it is today.
5. This letter is just one of the many objects that The National Museum of American History __________(2) since 2001. To learn more, visit our online exhibition September 11th: Bearing Witness to History.

Adapted from http://americanhistory.si.edu/blog/handwritten-note-september-11-2001

In the sentence “the cellular network... was not as robust as it is today” (paragraph 4), the word robust means

[A] capable of producing repeated failures in bad conditions.

[B] capable of performing without failure under a variety of conditions.

[C] capable of predicting critical weather changes in other countries.

[D] capable of creating standard responses to technical problems.

[E] capable of manufacturing its own components in bad conditions.

(EsPCEx 2017) - QUESTÃO)

A handwritten note from September 11

1. In moments of crisis, our first thoughts are usually to get in contact with the people we love. September 11, 2001, was a day when many people wanted to know that their loved ones were safe. At 9:37 a.m., the Pentagon was attacked by terrorists who crashed an airplane into the western side of the building.
2. Many people tried using the mobile phones that existed then, but few were successful. Franklin and Daria Gaillard (Frank and Chip) were both members of the Air Force and worked at the Pentagon. They worked in different parts of the building and had a previous agreement that they would meet at their car in the parking lot if there were any emergency.
3. Daria was the first to arrive at the car and wrote a note to Franklin saying “Frank - Sweetie I am okay. I’m w/ my office over by the Lyndon B. Johnson Memorial Sign. I’ll stay there till you come. Love lots & lots, Chip.” Frank found the note and was able to locate his wife in the aftermath of the attack.
4. What makes this story so interesting is the handwritten note. Today, in our digital culture, we have a variety of ways to let people know that we are safe. Text messages, voicemail, and different forms of social media can be used to get the information out to loved ones. In 2001, when these attacks __________(1), the cellular network was still growing and was not as robust as it is today.
5. This letter is just one of the many objects that The National Museum of American History __________(2) since 2001. To learn more, visit our online exhibition September 11th: Bearing Witness to History.

Adapted from http://americanhistory.si.edu/blog/handwritten-note-september-11-2001

According to the text, choose the correct statement.

[A] Frank and Chip found a note on the western side of the building.

[B] Frank and Chip wrote a note together before the attack.

[C] Frank and Chip had a meeting at the Air Force HQ.

[D] Frank and Chip relied on pen and paper to communicate.

[E] Frank and Chip located each other using social media.

(EsPCEx 2017) - QUESTÃO)

1. Decades of research by organizational scientists, psychologists, sociologists, economists and demographers show that socially diverse groups (that is, those with a diversity of race, ethnicity, gender and sexual orientation) are more innovative than homogeneous groups. It means being around people who are different from us makes us more creative, more diligent and more hardworking.
2. It seems obvious that a group of people with diverse individual expertise would be better than a homogeneous group at solving complex, non-routine problems. It is less obvious that social diversity should work in the same way – yet the science shows that it does. This is not only because people with different backgrounds bring new information. Simply interacting with individuals who are different forces group members to prepare better, to anticipate alternative viewpoints and to expect that reaching consensus will take effort.
3. Diversity of expertise confers benefits that are obvious – you would not think of building a new car without engineers, designers and quality-control experts – but what about social diversity? The same logic applies to social diversity. People who are different from one another in race, gender and other dimensions bring unique information and experiences to bear on the task at hand. A male and a female engineer might have perspectives as different from one another as an engineer and a physicist – and that is a good thing.
4. The fact is that if you want to build teams or organizations capable of innovating, you need diversity. Diversity enhances creativity. It encourages the search for novel information and perspectives, leading to better decision making and problem solving. Diversity can improve the bottom line of companies and lead to discoveries and breakthrough innovations. Even simply being exposed to diversity can change the way you think.

Adapted from http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-diversity-makes-us-smarter/

According to the text, choose the correct statement.

[A] It takes more than interaction with others to become a better person.

[B] Homogeneous groups work as hard as heterogeneous ones.

[C] According to science, social diversity works just like diversity of expertise.

[D] When it comes to bear on the task at hand, a male is better than a female.

[E] Solving complex problems is easier than searching for novel information.

(EsPCEx 2017) - QUESTÃO)

1. Decades of research by organizational scientists, psychologists, sociologists, economists and demographers show that socially diverse groups (that is, those with a diversity of race, ethnicity, gender and sexual orientation) are more innovative than homogeneous groups. It means being around people who are different from us makes us more creative, more diligent and more hardworking.
2. It seems obvious that a group of people with diverse individual expertise would be better than a homogeneous group at solving complex, non-routine problems. It is less obvious that social diversity should work in the same way – yet the science shows that it does. This is not only because people with different backgrounds bring new information. Simply interacting with individuals who are different forces group members to prepare better, to anticipate alternative viewpoints and to expect that reaching consensus will take effort.
3. Diversity of expertise confers benefits that are obvious – you would not think of building a new car without engineers, designers and quality-control experts – but what about social diversity? The same logic applies to social diversity. People who are different from one another in race, gender and other dimensions bring unique information and experiences to bear on the task at hand. A male and a female engineer might have perspectives as different from one another as an engineer and a physicist – and that is a good thing.
4. The fact is that if you want to build teams or organizations capable of innovating, you need diversity. Diversity enhances creativity. It encourages the search for novel information and perspectives, leading to better decision making and problem solving. Diversity can improve the bottom line of companies and lead to discoveries and breakthrough innovations. Even simply being exposed to diversity can change the way you think.

Adapted from http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-diversity-makes-us-smarter/

Choose the alternative that correctly substitutes the word yet in the sentence “It is less obvious that social diversity should work in the same way – yet the science shows that it does.” (paragraph 2).

[A] however

[B] for

[C] such as

[D] thus

[E] because

(EsPCEx 2017) - QUESTÃO)

1. Decades of research by organizational scientists, psychologists, sociologists, economists and demographers show that socially diverse groups (that is, those with a diversity of race, ethnicity, gender and sexual orientation) are more innovative than homogeneous groups. It means being around people who are different from us makes us more creative, more diligent and more hardworking.
2. It seems obvious that a group of people with diverse individual expertise would be better than a homogeneous group at solving complex, non-routine problems. It is less obvious that social diversity should work in the same way – yet the science shows that it does. This is not only because people with different backgrounds bring new information. Simply interacting with individuals who are different forces group members to prepare better, to anticipate alternative viewpoints and to expect that reaching consensus will take effort.
3. Diversity of expertise confers benefits that are obvious – you would not think of building a new car without engineers, designers and quality-control experts – but what about social diversity? The same logic applies to social diversity. People who are different from one another in race, gender and other dimensions bring unique information and experiences to bear on the task at hand. A male and a female engineer might have perspectives as different from one another as an engineer and a physicist – and that is a good thing.
4. The fact is that if you want to build teams or organizations capable of innovating, you need diversity. Diversity enhances creativity. It encourages the search for novel information and perspectives, leading to better decision making and problem solving. Diversity can improve the bottom line of companies and lead to discoveries and breakthrough innovations. Even simply being exposed to diversity can change the way you think.

Adapted from http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-diversity-makes-us-smarter/

Which question below has its answer in paragraph 1?

[A] Why did the researchers decide to study such a context?

[B] Who studied about socially diverse groups?

[C] Where did the researchers carry out their studies?

[D] How did the researchers carry out their studies?

[E] How many people were involved in the research?

QUESTÕES - (ESPCEX 2000)

Read the text and answer the following questions.
(Leia o texto e responda às seguintes perguntas.)

HACKERS

Man is the only animal that stores wealth. Prehistoric men stored bones because they used them as weapons. Later, men stored salt because they used it as currency, and even later they stored gold, silver and precious stones. In our present time, information is the most valuable commodity.

In the past, people used to store goods and there was always someone trying to steal them.

Today there are people who steal information from computers. They are called hackers. Most hackers are young, male and love computers. All they need is a computer and a telephone line. They use the telephone line to connect their computers to other computers.

Good hackers can enter even well-protected systems. They can transfer large amounts of money from one bank to another. They can get free air tickets, and use someone else's credit card number to buy anything.

Hackers steal infomation for fun. Many others sell information to organized crime gangs.

More companies use computers everyday, so there will be even more computer crimes in the future.

(Adapted from Série Aquarius, level 2, Ed. Moderna)

01. QUESTÃO

THEY in line 1 refers to

a) bones.

b) prehistoric men.

c) weapons.

d) animals.

e) wealth.

02. QUESTÃO

IT in line 2 refers to

a) curreney.

b) gold.

c) silver.

d) precious stones.

e) salt.

03. QUESTÃO

The text doesn't say that hackers can

a) enter well-protected systems.

b) sell information.

c) transfer a lot of money from one bank to another.

d) store computers.

e) get plane tickets and don't pay for them.

04. QUESTÃO

"... INFORMATION IS THE MOST VALUABLE COMMODITY" in line 3 means that

a) there are things which are more valuable than information.

b) there is nothing more valuable than information.

c) information is less valuable than any commodity.

d) information is as valuable as any commodity.

e) information is not valuable.

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RESPOSTAS: 01 - B | 02 -  E | 03 - D | 04 - B

QUESTÃO - (ESPCEX 2000)

Choose the correct alternative in the sentence below:

"Yoko and I are having dinner at a restaurant tonight. It's _____ anniversary. Do you want to
come with _____?"
"I'm sorry, but Bill is coming to _______ house. I invited ______ for dinner."

a) us/we/my/he
b) our/us/his/him
c) us/our/my/him
d) our/us/my/him
e) our/our/my/his

________________

RESPOSTA: D